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Individual variation, population-specific behaviours and stochastic processes shape marine migration phenologies.
Cameron Freshwater1, Marc Trudel1,2,3, Terry D Beacham2
1Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
The Journal of Animal Ecology
|May 24, 2018
Summary
Juvenile sockeye salmon migration timing and duration depend on life-history strategy, body size, and departure timing. Conservation must preserve migratory variation within and among populations to maintain ecosystem stability.
Area of Science:
- Ecology
- Animal Behavior
- Conservation Biology
Background:
- Migratory phenology impacts individual fitness, population dynamics, and ecosystem services.
- Phenology variation is influenced by pre-departure and en-route conditions.
- Studying migratory phenology across scales is challenging due to tracking limitations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess factors influencing marine migration phenology in juvenile sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka).
- To determine the relative influence of individual traits, population behaviors, and environmental variability.
Main Methods:
- Utilized DNA and otolith microstructure analysis as natural tags.
- Estimated influence of life-history strategy, body size, and growth during migration.
- Analyzed population-specific behaviors and interannual variability.
Main Results:
- Migration timing and duration correlated with life-history strategy and body size.
- Migration duration also linked to departure timing and in-migration growth rates.
- Populations exhibited distinct migration phenologies, with significant interannual variation.
Conclusions:
- Migratory phenology results from complex interactions across multiple scales.
- Conservation should preserve intraspecific migratory diversity for ecological stability.
- Maintaining within-population variation can buffer against environmental stochasticity.
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