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Climate change and One Health.

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Summary

A One Health approach integrates human, animal, and environmental protection against climate change impacts. This approach saves lives, reduces costs, and enhances food security through early detection of zoonotic diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental science
  • Public health
  • Veterinary medicine

Background:

  • Climate change poses significant risks to human health.
  • Previous focus on climate change impacts has largely excluded animal populations.
  • A comprehensive strategy is needed to address the interconnected health of humans, animals, and the environment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and advocate for a One Health approach to climate change adaptation.
  • To highlight the benefits of integrated strategies for human and animal health.
  • To emphasize the role of One Health in ensuring food security and preventing zoonotic diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual framework development for a One Health approach to climate change adaptation.
  • Analysis of potential benefits for food security, livestock systems, and environmental sanitation.
  • Proposal for integrated regional and global syndromic surveillance and response systems.

Main Results:

  • Integrated One Health approaches can save human and animal lives and reduce costs.
  • Climate change adaptation via One Health can bolster food security, especially for animal-source foods and livestock.
  • Early detection of vector-borne zoonotic pathogens in animals or vectors is more cost-effective than in humans.

Conclusions:

  • A One Health approach is crucial for effective climate change adaptation, benefiting human, animal, and environmental health simultaneously.
  • Integrated surveillance and response systems are vital for mitigating the impact of zoonotic diseases.
  • Adopting a One Health strategy offers a cost-effective and comprehensive solution to climate change-related health challenges.