Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Space Trusses01:25

Space Trusses

1.3K
A space truss is a three-dimensional counterpart of a planar truss. These structures consist of members connected at their ends, often utilizing ball-and-socket joints to create a stable and versatile framework. The space truss is widely used in various construction projects due to its adaptability and capacity to withstand complex loads.
At the core of a space truss lies the fundamental unit known as the tetrahedron. This structure is composed of six members that form a three-dimensional shape...
1.3K
State Space Representation01:27

State Space Representation

596
The frequency-domain technique, commonly used in analyzing and designing feedback control systems, is effective for linear, time-invariant systems. However, it falls short when dealing with nonlinear, time-varying, and multiple-input multiple-output systems. The time-domain or state-space approach addresses these limitations by utilizing state variables to construct simultaneous, first-order differential equations, known as state equations, for an nth-order system.
Consider an RLC circuit, a...
596
Space Trusses: Problem Solving01:29

Space Trusses: Problem Solving

915
A space truss is a three-dimensional counterpart of a planar truss. These structures consist of members connected at their ends, often utilizing ball-and-socket joints to create a stable and versatile framework. Due to its adaptability and capacity to withstand complex loads, the space truss is widely used in various construction projects.
Consider a tripod consisting of a tetrahedral space truss with a ball-and-socket joint at C. Suppose the height and lengths of the horizontal and vertical...
915
Transfer Function to State Space01:23

Transfer Function to State Space

813
State-space representation is a powerful tool for simulating physical systems on digital computers, necessitating the conversion of the transfer function into state-space form. Consider an nth-order linear differential equation with constant coefficients, like those encountered in an RLC circuit. The state variables are selected as the output and its n−1 derivatives. Differentiating these variables and substituting them back into the original equation produces the state equations.
In an RLC...
813
State Space to Transfer Function01:21

State Space to Transfer Function

591
The conversion of state-space representation to a transfer function is a fundamental process in system analysis. It provides a method for transitioning from a time-domain description to a frequency-domain representation, which is crucial for simplifying the analysis and design of control systems.
The transformation process begins with the state-space representation, characterized by the state equation and the output equation. These equations are typically represented as:
591
Rocket Propulsion in Empty Space - I01:13

Rocket Propulsion in Empty Space - I

3.8K
The driving force for the motion of any vehicle is friction, but in the case of rocket propulsion in space, the friction force is not present. The motion of a rocket changes its velocity (and hence its momentum) by ejecting burned fuel gases, thus causing it to accelerate in the direction opposite to the velocity of the ejected fuel. In this situation, the mass and velocity of the rocket constantly change along with the total mass of ejected gases. Due to conservation of momentum, the...
3.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Breast Cancer: From Pathogenesis to Precision Medicine.

Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition)·2026
Same author

Line-of-sight optical turbulence and wind profile monitoring during free-space optical communication links.

Optics express·2026
Same author

Statistical approach of truncation order selection for evaluating wavefront aberration effect in cold atom gravimeters.

Optics letters·2026
Same author

A review of omics studies in sarcopenia: from molecular mechanisms to hepatic-gut-muscle interactions in chronic liver disease comorbidity.

Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology·2026
Same author

Optimizing endocrine adjuvant therapy in HR+/HER2- breast cancer: supplemental strategies and innovations.

Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)·2025
Same author

Dual-porphyrin architecture <i>via</i> post-modification: cobalt-porphyrin/guest-porphyrin hybrid POPs for synergistic hydrogen evolution catalysis.

Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 10, 2026

In vitro Synthesis of Native, Fibrous Long Spacing and Segmental Long Spacing Collagen
07:54

In vitro Synthesis of Native, Fibrous Long Spacing and Segmental Long Spacing Collagen

Published on: September 20, 2012

14.2K

Unimorph mirror for adaptive optics in space telescopes.

David Alaluf, Renaud Bastaits, Kainan Wang

    Applied Optics
    |May 24, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    A novel unimorph deformable mirror for space telescopes was developed and tested. This silicon mirror with 25 piezoelectric actuators meets European Space Agency requirements and offers solutions for thermal distortion challenges.

    More Related Videos

    Author Spotlight: An Adapted Optical Density-Based Microplate Assay for Characterizing Actinobacteriophage Infection
    03:33

    Author Spotlight: An Adapted Optical Density-Based Microplate Assay for Characterizing Actinobacteriophage Infection

    Published on: June 30, 2023

    2.8K
    Construction of a High Resolution Microscope with Conventional and Holographic Optical Trapping Capabilities
    09:12

    Construction of a High Resolution Microscope with Conventional and Holographic Optical Trapping Capabilities

    Published on: April 22, 2013

    12.6K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Feb 10, 2026

    In vitro Synthesis of Native, Fibrous Long Spacing and Segmental Long Spacing Collagen
    07:54

    In vitro Synthesis of Native, Fibrous Long Spacing and Segmental Long Spacing Collagen

    Published on: September 20, 2012

    14.2K
    Author Spotlight: An Adapted Optical Density-Based Microplate Assay for Characterizing Actinobacteriophage Infection
    03:33

    Author Spotlight: An Adapted Optical Density-Based Microplate Assay for Characterizing Actinobacteriophage Infection

    Published on: June 30, 2023

    2.8K
    Construction of a High Resolution Microscope with Conventional and Holographic Optical Trapping Capabilities
    09:12

    Construction of a High Resolution Microscope with Conventional and Holographic Optical Trapping Capabilities

    Published on: April 22, 2013

    12.6K

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Materials Science
    • Aerospace Engineering

    Background:

    • Space telescopes require advanced optical components for high-resolution imaging.
    • Deformable mirrors are crucial for correcting optical aberrations in real-time.
    • Existing deformable mirror technologies face challenges in space environments, such as thermal distortion.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a novel unimorph deformable mirror designed as a secondary corrector for space telescopes.
    • To evaluate the performance of a manufactured prototype against European Space Agency requirements.
    • To propose a simulation-based method for mitigating thermal distortions in unimorph mirrors.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a unimorph deformable mirror using a single-crystal silicon wafer and 25 piezoelectric transducer (PZT) actuators.
    • Experimental testing of the prototype for wavefront error, stability, voltage requirements, rigid-body motion, reflectivity, and dynamic response.
    • Numerical simulations to investigate and address thermal distortion issues inherent to the unimorph architecture.

    Main Results:

    • The manufactured prototype demonstrated compliance with all European Space Agency requirements.
    • Key performance metrics including root mean square (RMS) wavefront error and dynamic response were evaluated.
    • The study established the feasibility of the unimorph deformable mirror for space applications.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed unimorph deformable mirror is a viable solution for secondary correction in space telescopes.
    • The prototype meets stringent space mission requirements.
    • Numerical simulations offer a robust approach to manage thermal distortions, enhancing mirror reliability in space.