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Nivolumab for the treatment of colorectal cancer

Kortnye Maureen Smith1, Jayesh Desai1,2

  • 1a Division of Cancer Medicine , Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne , Australia.

Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy
|May 25, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Checkpoint inhibitors like nivolumab show transformative results for metastatic colorectal cancer patients with microsatellite instability. This immunotherapy offers a new therapeutic option for advanced disease.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunotherapy
  • Gastrointestinal Oncology

Background:

  • Outcomes for advanced metastatic colorectal cancer remain suboptimal despite available therapies.
  • Immunotherapy has shown limited impact in this patient group, with checkpoint inhibitors like nivolumab yielding disappointing broad results.
  • A subset of patients with microsatellite unstable colorectal cancer may benefit significantly from immunotherapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical evidence of checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic colorectal cancer.
  • To focus on the efficacy of nivolumab in treating this malignancy.
  • To highlight nivolumab's transformative potential in a specific patient subgroup.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical evidence for checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic colorectal cancer.
  • Focus on nivolumab's efficacy and safety data.
  • Analysis of data from pivotal trials, including a phase II trial for dMMR/MSI-H mCRC.

Main Results:

  • Nivolumab gained regulatory approval for dMMR/MSI-H metastatic colorectal cancer in 2017.
  • Objective and sustained clinical responses observed with nivolumab in dMMR/MSI-H mCRC patients.
  • Checkpoint inhibitors show transformative potential for microsatellite unstable colorectal cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Nivolumab represents a new therapeutic option for advanced metastatic colorectal cancer in patients with dMMR/MSI-H.
  • The therapeutic role of augmenting immune response in metastatic colorectal cancer is expanding.
  • Ongoing combination trials of nivolumab with other agents are expected to further advance treatment options.
Keywords:
Colorectal cancerMMRMSIanti-PD1immunotherapynivolumab

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