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Human behavior is intricately shaped by social influences that arise from interactions with others in diverse contexts. These influences not only mold beliefs and attitudes but also drive the regulation of behaviors through both direct communication and observational learning. The study of these processes falls within the domain of social psychology, which seeks to understand how individuals are affected by and affect those around them.Mechanisms of Social InfluenceDirect social influence...
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Chuzhen Therapy as a Non-Invasive Traditional Chinese Therapy for Neck Pain
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Individualizing warfarin therapy.

Kristen K Reynolds1,2, Roland Valdes1,2, Bronwyn R Hartung1,3

  • 1Pharmacogenetics Diagnostic Laboratory, 201 E. Jefferson Street, Suite 309, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. kreynolds@pgxlab.com.

Personalized Medicine
|May 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic testing for warfarin dosing can reduce health and financial risks. Polymorphisms in CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genes significantly impact warfarin dose, enabling personalized treatment through predictive algorithms.

Keywords:
adverse drug reactionanticoagulationcytochrome P450 2C9personalized medicinepharmacogeneticsvitamin K epoxide reductasewarfarinwarfarin dosing

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacogenetics
  • Clinical Pharmacology
  • Medical Genetics

Background:

  • Warfarin is a widely used oral anticoagulant for preventing and treating thromboembolic events.
  • Predicting the correct warfarin dose is challenging due to significant inter-individual variability and a high risk of toxicity.
  • Current warfarin therapy poses considerable financial and health risks to patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the impact of pharmacogenetic testing on warfarin therapy.
  • To identify key genetic factors influencing warfarin dose requirements.
  • To propose the development of predictive algorithms for personalized warfarin dosing.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent pharmacogenetic studies on warfarin.
  • Identification of genetic polymorphisms affecting warfarin metabolism and response.
  • Conceptualization of integrated predictive models for warfarin dose.

Main Results:

  • Genetic variations in cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) and vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1) are major contributors to warfarin dose variability.
  • Pharmacogenetic testing can significantly mitigate the risks associated with warfarin treatment.
  • Individualized predictive models incorporating genetic and physical factors show promise for clinical application.

Conclusions:

  • Routine genetic testing can improve the safety and cost-effectiveness of warfarin therapy.
  • Understanding CYP2C9 and VKORC1 polymorphisms is crucial for optimizing warfarin dosage.
  • Developing comprehensive algorithms for personalized warfarin dosing is essential for clinical practice.