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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 10, 2026

A Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Technique for Inducing Post-stroke Depression in Rats
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Evaluating Screening Tests for Depression in Post-Stroke Older Adults.

Elizabeth Y Wang1, Craig Meyer1,2, Glenn D Graham2

  • 11 Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology
|May 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary

The Whooley questions effectively screen for depression in older adults with heart disease and stroke. This simple tool offers high sensitivity for detecting depression in this complex patient group.

Keywords:
depression screeninggeriatric populationsstroke

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Area of Science:

  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Cardiology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Post-stroke depression in older adults is complex due to comorbidities.
  • Identifying effective depression screening tools for this population is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of different depression screening instruments in older adults with comorbid ischemic heart disease and prior stroke.

Main Methods:

  • 148 participants with ischemic heart disease and stroke were administered four depression screening tools: CES-D, PHQ-9, PHQ-2, and Whooley questions.
  • The National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule served as the gold standard for diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • Major depression was present in 24% of participants.
  • The Whooley questions showed the highest sensitivity (89%) for depression detection.
  • No significant difference was found in the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve across the instruments.

Conclusions:

  • The Whooley questions are a sensitive and efficient tool for screening depression in older adults with coronary heart disease and prior stroke.
  • This finding is relevant for primary care settings where such patients are frequently encountered.