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Antibiotic Dereplication Using the Antibiotic Resistance Platform
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Antibiotic Dereplication Using the Antibiotic Resistance Platform

Published on: October 17, 2019

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Outpatient Antibiotic Use and the Need for Increased Antibiotic Stewardship Efforts

Rachel M Zetts1, Andrea Stoesz2, Brian A Smith2

  • 1Antibiotic Resistance Project, The Pew Charitable Trusts, Washington, District of Columbia rzetts@pewtrusts.org.

Pediatrics
|May 26, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Antibiotic resistance is a growing public health threat, largely driven by unnecessary antibiotic prescribing in outpatient settings. Interventions are needed to improve physician prescribing practices and reduce inappropriate antibiotic use.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Health Policy

Background:

  • Antibiotic resistance is a significant global health concern.
  • Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing in outpatient settings contributes significantly to resistance.
  • The majority of antibiotic healthcare expenditures in the U.S. stem from outpatient prescribing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current research on outpatient antibiotic prescribing practices in the United States.
  • To identify factors influencing physician prescribing decisions and inappropriate antibiotic use.
  • To explore the role of behavioral science and stakeholders in antibiotic stewardship.

Main Methods:

  • This is a State of the Art Review article.
  • The review synthesizes recent research on outpatient antibiotic prescribing.
  • Data on pediatric populations are highlighted where available.

Main Results:

  • At least 30% of outpatient antibiotic use in the U.S. is unnecessary.
  • Physician prescribing decisions are influenced by various factors, leading to inappropriate use.
  • Behavioral science offers potential for enhancing stewardship interventions.

Conclusions:

  • Addressing outpatient antibiotic prescribing is crucial for combating antibiotic resistance.
  • Enhanced stewardship efforts require the involvement of diverse healthcare stakeholders.
  • Targeted interventions informed by behavioral science can improve antibiotic prescribing practices.

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