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Migration promotes plasmid stability under spatially heterogeneous positive selection.

Ellie Harrison1, James P J Hall2, Michael A Brockhurst2

  • 1P3 Institute, Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 1AE, UK ellie.harrison@sheffield.ac.uk.

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|May 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Migration stabilizes bacterial plasmids in environments with mixed selection pressures. This movement between different environments increases plasmid frequency and beneficial mutations, preventing extinction and promoting gene stability.

Keywords:
ameliorationcompensatory evolutionmobile genetic elementsource-sinkspatial heterogeneityspecies interactions

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Bacteria-plasmid interactions vary from mutualistic to antagonistic, influencing plasmid stability.
  • Plasmid stability is linked to selection pressures and the evolution of compensatory mutations.
  • Understanding factors affecting plasmid stability is crucial for microbial ecology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of migration in promoting plasmid stability within spatially heterogeneous environments.
  • To determine how migration influences plasmid dynamics under contrasting selection pressures (mutualistic vs. antagonistic).

Main Methods:

  • Experimental evolution of *Pseudomonas fluorescens* with the mercury-resistance plasmid pQBR103.
  • Simulating spatially heterogeneous selection environments with varying degrees of migration.
  • Analyzing plasmid frequency, compensatory evolution, and stability under different migration scenarios.

Main Results:

  • Migration significantly enhanced plasmid stability in antagonistic environments.
  • Migration from mutualistic to antagonistic environments increased plasmid frequency and the supply of compensatory mutations.
  • Without migration, plasmids approached extinction in antagonistic environments.

Conclusions:

  • Spatially heterogeneous selection, combined with migration, is a key factor in maintaining plasmid stability in natural microbial populations.
  • Migration facilitates the persistence of ecologically important genes encoded by plasmids.
  • This study provides insights into the evolutionary dynamics of plasmids and their encoded genes in diverse environments.