The microbiome in prostate inflammation and prostate cancer

Area of Science:

• Microbiome research
• Urology
• Cancer biology

Background:

• The human microbiome's role in prostate cancer is increasingly recognized.
• Studies have focused on direct interactions like prostate infections and urinary microbiome composition.
• Indirect interactions, such as gut and oral microbiota effects on metabolism and treatment response, are less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current literature on direct and indirect microbiome interactions with prostate inflammation and cancer.
• To highlight the multifaceted role of the microbiome in prostate health and disease.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of studies investigating microbiome-prostate cancer links.
• Analysis of direct and indirect interaction pathways.

Main Results:

• Emerging evidence links the microbiome to prostate inflammation in benign conditions and prostate cancer.
• The microbiome at multiple anatomical sites (urinary, gastrointestinal, oral) influences prostate health and disease.

Conclusions:

• Microbiome dysbiosis can induce systemic inflammation, potentially predisposing to prostate cancer.
• The microbiome's influence on hormone levels (estrogen, androgen) is significant for prostate cancer.
• Further research is vital to elucidate the complex microbiome-prostate cancer interconnections.