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Performing Inferential Statistics Prior to Data Collection.

David Trafimow1, Justin A MacDonald1

  • 1New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel inferential statistical method for education and psychology research. It determines the necessary sample size before data collection, ensuring desired precision and confidence in findings.

Keywords:
a priori procedurecomplexityconfidenceprecision

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Area of Science:

  • Educational Psychology
  • Quantitative Psychology

Background:

  • Traditional inferential statistics are applied post-data collection.
  • Null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) is a common, yet limited, post-hoc approach.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a pre-data collection inferential statistical procedure.
  • To provide a method for determining sample size based on desired precision and confidence.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of a sample size equation.
  • The procedure is independent of the number of groups being studied.

Main Results:

  • A novel statistical procedure is presented.
  • The method allows researchers to specify desired closeness and confidence levels.
  • Sample size is calculated to meet these pre-defined specifications.

Conclusions:

  • This approach offers a proactive method for statistical inference.
  • It enhances research planning by ensuring adequate sample size for desired outcomes.
  • The procedure is applicable across various educational and psychological research designs.