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Related Concept Videos

Aging01:26

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
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Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 10, 2026

OLIgo Mass Profiling OLIMP of Extracellular Polysaccharides
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Extracellular RNA profiles with human age.

Douglas F Dluzen1, Nicole Noren Hooten2, Supriyo De3

  • 1Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, Maryland.

Aging Cell
|May 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Changes in circulating extracellular RNAs (exRNAs) with normal aging were identified. These RNA biomarkers reveal age-related biological processes and pathways in serum.

Keywords:
agingcircular RNAexRNAmicroRNAncRNAwomen

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Gerontology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Circulating extracellular RNAs (exRNAs) are emerging as critical biomarkers for various diseases.
  • Understanding age-related alterations in exRNAs could illuminate fundamental aging processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-related changes in the serum exRNA profile.
  • To identify potential RNA biomarkers associated with normal human aging.

Main Methods:

  • RNA sequencing was performed on serum samples from young (30-32 years) and old (80-85 years) African American women.
  • Analysis included profiling of both large and small RNA biotypes.
  • Age-related differences were validated in an expanded cohort, followed by pathway and protein interaction network analyses.

Main Results:

  • Significant age-related differences were observed in specific RNA biotypes, including mitochondrial transfer RNAs, mitochondrial ribosomal RNA, and unprocessed pseudogenes.
  • Pathway analysis highlighted EIF2 signaling, oxidative phosphorylation, and mitochondrial dysfunction as key shared pathways between age groups.
  • Distinct protein interaction networks were identified in young and old individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Serum exRNA profiles exhibit significant changes with normal aging.
  • These findings provide novel insights into age-related biological processes and potential RNA biomarkers in circulation.