Synthesis of gem-Difluorinated Spiro-γ-lactam Oxindoles by Visible-Light-Induced Consecutive Difluoromethylative Dearomatization, Hydroxylation, and Oxidation
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Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Visible-light Induced Reduction of Graphene Oxide Using Plasmonic Nanoparticle
Published on: September 22, 2015
Qiang Wang1, Yi Qu1, Qing Xia1
1State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of, Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China.
Abstract:
Described herein is a protocol for visible-light-induced consecutive synthesis of gem-difluorinated spiro-γ-lactam oxindoles under mild conditions by means of a process involving sequential radical difluoromethylative dearomatization, hydroxylation, and oxidation. The protocol features high chemo- and regioselectivity, good functional group tolerance, and easy scalability. Several of the functionalized spirooxindole products showed good fungicidal activity, suggesting that they have potential agrochemical applications.
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