[The bacteriologic features of recurrent acute rhinosinusitis]

Area of Science:

• Otolaryngology
• Microbiology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Recurrent acute rhinosinusitis (RAR) presents a significant clinical challenge.
• Understanding the specific bacterial pathogens and their antibiotic resistance patterns is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To characterize the bacteriologic profile of patients diagnosed with recurrent acute rhinosinusitis (RAR).
• To assess the antibiotic susceptibility of identified bacterial isolates from RAR cases.

Main Methods:

• Bacterial cultures were performed on samples from the middle meatus or olfactory cleft area of 29 RAR patients via sinus endoscopy.
• Aerobic, facultative, and anaerobic bacteria were identified, and antibiotic susceptibility testing was conducted.

Main Results:

• A high culture-positive rate (86.2%) yielded 32 bacterial isolates, predominantly Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Staphylococcus aureus.
• High resistance rates (>90%) were observed for Macrolides, quinolones, and beta-lactamase antibiotics.
• Lower resistance (20%) was noted for third-generation cephalosporin combined with beta-lactamase inhibitors (Cefoperazone/sulbactam), and anaerobic bacteria showed sensitivity to ornidazole.

Conclusions:

• Key pathogens in RAR include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Staphylococcus aureus.
• Most identified aerobic and facultative bacteria exhibit resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics.
• These findings underscore the need for updated treatment guidelines for RAR.