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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Regulation of Stroke Volume01:27

Regulation of Stroke Volume

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The regulation of stroke volume, which is the amount of blood the heart pumps out during each heartbeat, is critical for maintaining a healthy circulatory system. Stroke volume is influenced by three main factors: preload, contractility, and afterload.
Preload refers to the degree of stretch on the heart before it contracts. It's analogous to the stretching of a rubber band; the more it's stretched, the more forcefully it snaps back. This concept is encapsulated in the Frank-Starling law of the...
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Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview01:17

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Ischemic heart disease occurs when the heart's blood supply dwindles, causing an ominous lack of oxygen and nutrients. This deficiency, stemming from reduced or obstructed blood flow, spells danger, leading to heart muscle damage and dysfunction.
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and...
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Cardiac Output and Stroke Volume01:11

Cardiac Output and Stroke Volume

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Cardiac output (CO) is an integral aspect of human physiology, reflecting the heart's efficiency and responsiveness to the body's needs. It represents the volume of blood that the left or right ventricle ejects into the aorta or pulmonary trunk each minute. The CO is calculated by multiplying the heart rate (HR)—the number of heartbeats per minute—by the stroke volume (SV)—the amount of blood pumped out with each heartbeat.
In an average resting adult male, the typical cardiac...
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Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output01:22

Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output

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Cardiac output (CO), the amount of blood the heart pumps per minute, is a parameter in cardiovascular physiology determined by stroke volume and heart rate. Stroke volume, the amount of blood pushed from one of the ventricles per heartbeat, is influenced by preload, afterload, and contractility.
Preload
Preload refers to the initial elongation of the cardiac myocytes before contraction and is related to the volume of blood filling the heart at the end of diastole, or end-diastolic volume. The...
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Optimized Management of Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke
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[MicroRNA in ischemic stroke].

K A Aitbaev1, I T Murkamilov2, V V Fomin3

  • 1Scientific and Research Institute of Molecular biology and medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.

Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova
|May 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key gene regulators offering potential for stroke diagnosis and therapy. Understanding their role in stroke pathophysiology is crucial for improving patient outcomes and developing new treatments.

Keywords:
biomarkerscerebrovascular diseasesmicroRNAsecondary preventionstroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Stroke is a leading cause of disability worldwide, necessitating improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
  • Current understanding of stroke pathophysiology requires advancement for better patient outcomes.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a novel class of gene regulators with therapeutic and diagnostic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of miRNAs in experimental stroke models.
  • To explore the involvement of miRNAs in carotid artery stroke development.
  • To discuss the potential of miRNAs as biomarkers for stroke.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on miRNA regulation in stroke.
  • Analysis of experimental stroke models and carotid artery stroke development.
  • Evaluation of miRNA as potential stroke biomarkers.

Main Results:

  • MiRNAs play a significant role in regulating gene expression relevant to stroke.
  • Specific miRNAs are implicated in the pathophysiology of experimental and carotid artery stroke.
  • MiRNAs show promise as sensitive and specific biomarkers for stroke detection.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs are critical regulators in stroke pathophysiology.
  • Targeting miRNAs offers a potential therapeutic avenue for stroke.
  • MiRNAs hold significant promise as biomarkers for improved stroke diagnosis and management.