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Updated: Feb 10, 2026

An In Vitro Organ Culture Model of the Murine Intervertebral Disc
Published on: April 11, 2017
Finite element analysis of the influence of three-joint spinal complex on the change of the intervertebral disc bulge
Klaudia Szkoda-Poliszuk1, Małgorzata Żak1, Celina Pezowicz1
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mechatronics and Theory of Mechanisms, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland.
Abstract:
This study evaluated the changes of height and bulging occurring in individual layers of the annulus fibrosus of the intervertebral disc for 3 load scenarios (axial compression, flexion, and extension). The numerical model of a single motion segment of the thoracic spine was analysed for 2 different configurations, ie, for the model of a physiological segment and a segment with the posterior column removed. In the physiological segment, all annulus fibrosus layers decrease in height regardless of the applied load, bulging outside the intervertebral disc. Removal of the posterior column increases mobility and disrupts the load transfer system, with the lamellae bulging into the intervertebral disc.
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