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We investigated hydrodynamic transport in 2D electronic systems, finding anisotropic conductivity and a vanishing viscosity component at zero temperature. This generalizes a key bound for shear viscosity to entropy density ratios.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Materials
  • Electronic Transport Phenomena

Background:

  • Studying interacting electronic systems is crucial for understanding emergent phenomena.
  • Dirac points in electronic systems lead to unique transport properties.
  • Hydrodynamic transport offers a new perspective on electron behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate hydrodynamic transport in 2D electronic systems with merging Dirac points.
  • To analyze the anisotropic electrical conductivity and shear viscosity.
  • To explore the behavior of viscosity components at zero temperature.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of electronic systems with specific band structures.
  • Calculation of electrical conductivity and shear viscosity tensor components.
  • Examination of system behavior at the charge neutrality point and zero temperature.

Main Results:

  • Observed anisotropic electrical conductivity: metallic in one direction, insulating in the other.
  • Identified six independent components in the shear viscosity tensor.
  • Found that one viscosity component vanishes at zero temperature.

Conclusions:

  • The vanishing viscosity component leads to a generalization of the conjectured lower bound for the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio.
  • Anisotropic thermal flow measurements can probe the shear viscosity tensor.
  • The study provides new insights into hydrodynamic transport in novel electronic systems.