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Related Concept Videos

Open and closed-loop control systems01:17

Open and closed-loop control systems

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Control systems are foundational elements in automation and engineering. They are broadly categorized into open-loop and closed-loop systems. These classifications hinge on the presence or absence of feedback mechanisms, significantly influencing the system's performance, complexity, and application.
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Absorption refers to taking dietary nutrients from the intestinal lumen for transportation throughout the body. After digestion in the small intestine, carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are broken down into simpler forms. These essential macronutrients and other vital substances, such as vitamins, minerals, and water, are then prepared for absorption into the bloodstream.
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Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
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Feedback Loops01:01

Feedback Loops

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In most cases, excessive hormone production is prevented by negative feedback—a loop that starts with a stimulus inducing the release of a particular substance, like a hormone, to maintain a certain level before triggering a signal that results in a decrease in further release of the hormone.
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G-protein coupled receptors are ligand binding receptors that indirectly affect changes in the cell. The actual receptor is a single polypeptide that transverses the cell membrane seven times creating intracellular and extracellular loops. The extracellular loops create a ligand specific pocket which binds to neurotransmitters or hormones. The intracellular loops holds onto the G-protein.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Author Spotlight: Scaling Microalgal Biotechnology for Enhanced Biomethane Production
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Author Spotlight: Scaling Microalgal Biotechnology for Enhanced Biomethane Production

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Biogas production coupled to repeat microalgae cultivation using a closed nutrient loop.

Lina María González-González1, Lihong Zhou2, Sergi Astals3

  • 1Algae Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.

Bioresource Technology
|May 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microalgae like Scenedemus dimorphus are excellent substrates for anaerobic digestion, producing biogas. Their digestate can be reused as a nutrient-rich medium for growing more algae, creating a sustainable bioenergy cycle.

Keywords:
Anaerobic digestionBiorefineryMicroalgaeMicroalgal cultivationNutrient recycling

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology and Bioengineering
  • Renewable Energy
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Anaerobic digestion is a key technology for renewable energy production via biogas.
  • Microalgae are promising substrates for anaerobic digestion due to their biomass composition.
  • Anaerobic digestion of microalgae produces nutrient-rich digestate, enabling nutrient recycling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the methane potential of Scenedemus dimorphus via anaerobic digestion.
  • To assess nutrient mobilization during microalgal anaerobic digestion.
  • To determine the suitability of microalgal digestate as a culture medium for microalgae.

Main Methods:

  • Continuous anaerobic digestion of Scenedemus dimorphus.
  • Measurement of methane yield (mL/g VS).
  • Nutrient analysis of digestate.
  • Microalgal growth experiments using digestate as culture medium.

Main Results:

  • Scenedemus dimorphus demonstrated a high methane yield of 199 mL/g VS.
  • Digestate contained sufficient nutrients, with low phosphorus levels not limiting algae growth.
  • Liquid digestate proved to be a superior culture medium compared to inorganic media.

Conclusions:

  • Scenedemus dimorphus is a highly suitable substrate for anaerobic digestion and biogas production.
  • Microalgal digestate can be effectively recycled as a growth medium, supporting a closed-loop system.
  • This study highlights the potential for sustainable bioenergy facilities integrating microalgae cultivation and anaerobic digestion.