Early embryonic development in the rat following in utero exposure to alcohol and caffeine

The influence of both alcohol and caffeine on early embryonic development was investigated in pregnant rats. Compared to the corresponding controls, a high incidence of resorptions and abnormal embryos was induced following treatment of the animals with alcohol (0.015 ml/g body weight, 12.5% v/v, i.p.) on gestational days 6 through 12 and with caffeine (25 mg/kg body weight, i.v.) on gestational day 10. In addition, embryonic growth was severely affected. Reduction of placental blood circulation and impairment of cellular proliferation may account for the observed deleterious effects on the embryo.