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Related Concept Videos

Preventive Healthcare Services01:30

Preventive Healthcare Services

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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Cancer Prevention02:59

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Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
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Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen...
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Screening for Prostate Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Prostate cancer screening using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests offers a small benefit for men aged 55-69, requiring an individual decision. Screening is not recommended for men 70 and older due to outweighing harms.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Preventive Medicine
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Prostate cancer affects 13% of men in the US, with a 2.5% lifetime mortality risk.
  • Many prostate cancers are asymptomatic and detected via screening.
  • African American men and those with a family history face higher risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To update the 2012 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation on PSA-based screening for prostate cancer.
  • To evaluate the benefits and harms of PSA screening and subsequent treatment.
  • To analyze screening in high-risk subpopulations.

Main Methods:

  • USPSTF reviewed evidence on PSA screening benefits and harms.
  • Reviewed decision analysis models and overdiagnosis rates.
  • Examined screening in older men, African Americans, and those with family history.

Main Results:

  • PSA screening in men 55-69 may prevent 1.3 deaths per 1000 men over 13 years.
  • Screening may prevent 3 metastatic cases per 1000 men.
  • Harms include false positives, overdiagnosis, erectile dysfunction, and incontinence; harms increase with age.

Conclusions:

  • For men 55-69, the decision for PSA screening is individual, balancing small benefits against harms like incontinence and erectile dysfunction.
  • Clinicians should not screen men not expressing a preference.
  • PSA screening is not recommended for men 70+ due to greater harms than benefits.