On-chip generation of time-and wavelength-division multiplexed multiple time-bin entanglement

Optical quantum states based on entangled photons are the key resource in quantum-information science. The realization of multiplexed multiple entanglement are necessary for developing high-capacity quantum information process. Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) has recently become a leading platform for generating and processing of non-classical optical states. In this work, by combining the wavelength- and time-division multiplexing technologies, we demonstrate a multiplexing time-bin entangled photon pair source based on a silicon nanowire waveguide and distribute entangled photons into 3(time) × 14(wavelength) channels independently. The indistinguishability of photon pairs in each time channel is confirmed by a fourfold Hong-Ou-Mandal quantum interference. Our work paves a new and promising way to achieve a high capacity quantum communication and to generate a multiple-photon non-classical state.