Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Dissonance01:38

Cognitive Dissonance

37.5K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
37.5K
Piaget's Stage 3 of Cognitive Development01:17

Piaget's Stage 3 of Cognitive Development

1.1K
During Piaget's concrete operational stage, from ages 7 to 11, children exhibit a marked increase in logical thinking skills, specifically in relation to tangible, real-world events. This stage is characterized by the development of several essential cognitive concepts, including conservation, reversibility, and classification, all of which support the child's evolving capacity for structured thought.
Conservation and Constancy of Quantity
A significant cognitive milestone in the...
1.1K
Switching of BJT01:22

Switching of BJT

873
Switching behavior in Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs) is a fundamental aspect utilized in various electronic circuits, particularly for digital logic applications like switches and amplifiers. In a typical switching circuit, a BJT alternates between cut-off and saturation modes, corresponding to the "off" and "on" states, respectively, thus behaving like an ideal switch.
Cut-off Mode ("Off" State): In this state, both the emitter-base and collector-base junctions are...
873
Increasing Function01:18

Increasing Function

400
An increasing function exhibits a rise in output values as input values increase. This behavior is depicted graphically as a curve or line that slopes upward from left to right. Such a function satisfies the condition that if x1 < x2, then f(x1) < f(x2), indicating that the function values grow with increasing inputs. This concept is fundamental in understanding growth trends across various domains, such as population dynamics, financial investments, or resource consumption.The...
400
Increased Body Temperature01:25

Increased Body Temperature

7.5K
A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in...
7.5K
Increased pulse rate01:17

Increased pulse rate

1.2K
Tachycardia is a condition marked by an abnormally fast or irregular heart rate, surpassing the typical resting rate. In adults, tachycardia is characterized by a pulse rate ranging from 100 to 180 beats per minute. The increased heart rate can result in inadequate blood flow to various body parts, ultimately diminishing the oxygen supply to organs and tissues.
Many factors can elevate the risk of developing tachycardia. These include advanced age, a family history of arrhythmias, and an...
1.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Multiverse simulation to explore the impact of analytical choices on type I and type II errors in a reaction time study.

Behavior research methods·2025
Same author

Sensitivity to negative-feedback processing in people with Parkinson's disease and impulsive-compulsive behaviours.

Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)·2025
Same author

Control of stimulus set and response set in task switching.

Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition·2025
Same author

Computational modeling of selective attention differentiates subtypes of amnestic mild cognitive impairment.

Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition·2024
Same author

Putting the Spotlight Back Onto the Flanker Task in Autism: Autistic Adults Show Increased Interference from Foils Compared with Non-autistic Adults.

Journal of cognition·2024
Same author

Local and global control adjustments to stimulus-based task conflict in task switching.

Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Transferring Cognitive Tasks Between Brain Imaging Modalities: Implications for Task Design and Results Interpretation in fMRI Studies
10:09

Transferring Cognitive Tasks Between Brain Imaging Modalities: Implications for Task Design and Results Interpretation in fMRI Studies

Published on: September 22, 2014

13.6K

Increased cognitive control after task conflict? Investigating the N-3 effect in task switching.

Stefanie Schuch1, James A Grange2

  • 1Institute of Psychology, RWTH Aachen University, Jaegerstrasse 17/19, 52066, Aachen, Germany. schuch@psych.rwth-aachen.de.

Psychological Research
|May 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary

The N-3 effect, where performance improves after an ABA task sequence, is not caused by better task preparation or task shielding. This cognitive control finding challenges previous hypotheses about task switching.

More Related Videos

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task
05:31

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task

Published on: February 26, 2020

15.6K
Practical Methodology of Cognitive Tasks Within a Navigational Assessment
05:19

Practical Methodology of Cognitive Tasks Within a Navigational Assessment

Published on: June 1, 2015

14.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Transferring Cognitive Tasks Between Brain Imaging Modalities: Implications for Task Design and Results Interpretation in fMRI Studies
10:09

Transferring Cognitive Tasks Between Brain Imaging Modalities: Implications for Task Design and Results Interpretation in fMRI Studies

Published on: September 22, 2014

13.6K
Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task
05:31

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task

Published on: February 26, 2020

15.6K
Practical Methodology of Cognitive Tasks Within a Navigational Assessment
05:19

Practical Methodology of Cognitive Tasks Within a Navigational Assessment

Published on: June 1, 2015

14.0K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Behavior

Background:

  • Task inhibition is believed to aid task switching and decays slowly.
  • Returning to a task after one intervening trial (ABA) involves overcoming more inhibition than after multiple trials (CBA).
  • Previous research suggested higher task conflict in ABA sequences enhances cognitive control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the "N-3 effect," where performance is better following ABA than CBA task sequences.
  • To test if enhanced cognitive control in the N-3 effect stems from improved task preparation (varying cue-stimulus interval).
  • To explore alternative explanations, such as more effective task shielding.

Main Methods:

  • Experiments manipulated the cue-stimulus interval (CSI) to allow short (100 ms) or long (900 ms) preparation times.
  • The N-3 effect was measured by comparing performance in trials following ABA versus CBA sequences.
  • Diffusion model analysis was employed to examine underlying cognitive processes; congruency effects were analyzed for task shielding.

Main Results:

  • The N-3 effect was smaller with a long CSI than a short CSI in Experiment 1.
  • The N-3 effect was not significantly affected by CSI in Experiment 2.
  • Diffusion models confirmed some known effects but did not unequivocally link the N-3 effect to specific parameters; congruency effects did not differ between ABA and CBA conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The N-3 effect is not explained by enhanced task preparation for the upcoming task.
  • The N-3 effect is also not attributable to more effective task shielding.
  • Existing hypotheses regarding task preparation and task shielding as mechanisms for the N-3 effect are not supported by the current findings.