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The cell fragments known as platelets are disc-shaped, with an average diameter of about 3 μm and a thickness of roughly 1 μm. They play a crucial role in the body's vascular clotting system, which also involves plasma proteins, blood cells, and blood vessel tissues.
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The immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that protects the body from foreign invaders. T cells, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in this process. They recognize and attack foreign substances, such as pathogens, that enter the body.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets
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Human platelet antigens in disease.

Ying-Hao Wen1, Ding-Ping Chen2

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.

Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry
|May 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Human platelet antigens (HPAs) are key to immune responses and disease. Identifying HPA gene variations using next-generation sequencing aids in understanding disease susceptibility and prevention.

Keywords:
GPIIIaGPIIbGPIaHuman platelet antigen (HPA)

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genetics
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Platelets are crucial for hemostasis, inflammation, and immunity.
  • Human platelet antigens (HPAs) are alloantigens on platelet glycoproteins, with six biallelic systems identified.
  • Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in HPA genes cause amino acid substitutions, altering glycoprotein function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the roles of HPAs in various diseases.
  • To highlight the utility of next-generation sequencing for HPA polymorphism identification.
  • To emphasize the clinical significance of HPA variations in disease susceptibility.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on HPA functions and disease associations.
  • Description of a high-throughput next-generation sequencing method for HPA polymorphism detection.
  • Analysis of HPA roles in mediating interactions with microorganisms and malignant cells.

Main Results:

  • HPAs are implicated in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and infective endocarditis.
  • HPA polymorphisms influence platelet interactions with pathogens and cancer cells.
  • Next-generation sequencing enables accurate identification of HPA variations.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding HPA polymorphisms is vital for assessing individual disease risk.
  • Exploration of HPA variations can lead to improved disease prevention and management strategies.
  • HPAs play a significant role in both infectious and non-infectious disease processes.