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Author Spotlight: Advancing Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery in Children Through Novel Biomarkers and Enhanced Localization
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Author Spotlight: Advancing Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery in Children Through Novel Biomarkers and Enhanced Localization

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Challenges in managing epilepsy associated with focal cortical dysplasia in children

Lily C Wong-Kisiel1, Thomas Blauwblomme2, Mai-Lan Ho3

  • 1Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.

Epilepsy Research
|May 28, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a common cause of drug-resistant epilepsy in children. Early diagnosis and surgical evaluation can lead to seizure freedom and improved neurocognitive outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Epileptology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is the leading cause of intractable pediatric epilepsy.
  • Seizures in FCD are often pharmacoresistant from the onset.
  • Understanding FCD's epidemiology, natural history, and epileptogenesis is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on FCD, including its epidemiology, natural history, and mechanisms of epileptogenesis.
  • To highlight advances in neuroimaging for subtle FCD detection.
  • To guide clinicians in identifying diagnostic evidence of FCD.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of FCD.
  • Analysis of neuroimaging and neurophysiology findings.
  • Discussion of treatment modalities.

Main Results:

  • Neuroimaging advancements improve FCD recognition, despite its subtle nature.
  • FCD management often requires non-pharmacologic options due to drug resistance.
  • Early surgical evaluation is key for seizure control and neurocognitive benefits.

Conclusions:

  • Timely recognition of FCD in early-onset epilepsy is critical.
  • Resective surgery offers significant potential for seizure freedom.
  • Surgical intervention can positively impact neurocognitive outcomes in pediatric epilepsy patients with FCD.

Keywords:
Epilepsy surgeryEpileptogenisisFocal cortical dysplasiaMedically refractory epilepsy

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