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Separation and Fractionation of Cell Wall and Cell Membrane Proteins from Mycobacterium tuberculosis for Downstream Protein Analysis
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Addressing diversity in tuberculosis using multidimensional approaches.

M Lerm1, H M Dockrell2

  • 1Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.

Journal of Internal Medicine
|May 28, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Omics approaches reveal host and bacterial states in tuberculosis (TB) infection. These methods identify early diagnostic biosignatures and monitor treatment, paving the way for point-of-care TB assays.

Keywords:
biomarkerimmunitytuberculosis

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) presents complex infection states affecting multiple organs.
  • Host immune responses and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) bacterial states vary, influencing disease progression.
  • Current understanding highlights a continuum of infection states and independent granuloma responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate mechanisms underlying diverse TB infection states using omics approaches.
  • To identify diagnostic biosignatures for early disease prediction and treatment monitoring.
  • To explore the role of vaccination, including BCG, in modulating immune responses.

Main Methods:

  • Transcriptomics, metabolomics, and proteomics ('omics') to analyze host and bacterial factors.
  • PET/CT imaging to observe lung granuloma dynamics.
  • Analysis of epigenetic changes and trained immunity post-vaccination.
  • Mycobacterial growth inhibition assays.

Main Results:

  • Omics identified host and Mtb biosignatures correlating with infection states.
  • Potential for predicting active TB 12-18 months before clinical detection.
  • Monitoring of anti-TB therapy success.
  • Identification of smaller, manageable gene signatures (3-4 genes) for diagnostic potential.

Conclusions:

  • Omics approaches offer deep insights into TB pathogenesis and host-pathogen interactions.
  • Development of early diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers is feasible.
  • Narrowed biosignatures enable the creation of field-friendly, point-of-care TB diagnostic assays.