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Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Isolation of Small Noncoding RNAs from Human Serum
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Therapeutic Potential of Small Activating RNAs (saRNAs) in Human Cancers

Sorah Yoon1, John J Rossi1,2

  • 1Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States.

Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
|May 29, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Small activating RNAs (saRNAs) are emerging as powerful gene regulators for oligotherapeutics. This review details saRNA mechanisms, therapeutic progress in cancer, and aptamer-based delivery advancements.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • RNA Therapeutics
  • Gene Regulation

Background:

  • RNA molecules are recognized for their potent gene expression control capabilities.
  • Advanced RNA-based regulators are under development as novel oligotherapeutics.
  • Small activating RNAs (saRNAs) show significant promise for treating human diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the intracellular mechanism of saRNA action.
  • To discuss the therapeutic advancements of saRNAs in preclinical and clinical settings.
  • To explore the latest developments in targeted delivery of saRNAs using aptamers.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on saRNA mechanisms and therapeutic applications.
  • Analysis of preclinical and clinical trial data for saRNA-based cancer therapies.
  • Examination of aptamer technology for targeted delivery of RNA therapeutics.

Main Results:

  • Detailed explanation of the intracellular working model of saRNAs.
  • Overview of numerous saRNAs developed for various cancers in preclinical studies.
  • Highlight of a specific saRNA targeting C/EBPα currently in clinical trials for liver cancer.

Conclusions:

  • saRNAs represent a promising class of therapeutic agents.
  • Continued research into saRNA mechanisms and delivery is crucial for clinical success.
  • Aptamer-mediated delivery offers a promising strategy for enhancing saRNA therapeutic efficacy.
Keywords:
aptamersclinichuman cancersintracellular mechanismsaRNAstargeted deliverytherapeutics.

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