Porcine experimental model for perforator flap raising in reconstructive microsurgery

Area of Science:

• Surgical innovation
• Microsurgery techniques
• Animal models in research

Background:

• Head and neck reconstruction using perforator free flaps presents significant surgical challenges.
• A need exists for a reproducible large animal model that mimics human anatomy for microsurgical training.
• Such a model is crucial for mastering perforator flap elevation and microanastomosis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the feasibility of using a swine model for perforator-based free flaps.
• To assess its relevance for reconstructive microsurgery in head and neck procedures.

Main Methods:

• Eleven surgical procedures were conducted on a porcine model under general anesthesia.
• An anterior abdominal skin flap, vascularized by the superior epigastric artery perforators, was elevated.
• Microanastomoses were attempted to the great vessels in the neck in a subset of procedures.

Main Results:

• The swine model allowed for the elevation of perforator-based free flaps.
• Successful arterial and venous microanastomoses were achieved in six out of eleven procedures.
• The model demonstrated the technical demands of perforator and pedicle dissection and transfer.

Conclusions:

• The porcine model using the superior epigastric artery perforator flap is a relevant tool for reconstructive microsurgery.
• It closely resembles the human deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap.
• This model is suitable for training in perforator free flap procedures.