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A look into the relationship between personality traits and basic values: A longitudinal investigation.
Michele Vecchione1, Guido Alessandri1, Sonia Roccas2
1Sapienza University of Rome.
Journal of Personality
|May 29, 2018
Summary
Personality traits influence personal values over time, but not vice versa. Higher Agreeableness and Openness predict increases in specific values, suggesting a dynamic interplay between personality and values in young adults.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Personality Science
- Social Psychology
Background:
- Understanding the interplay between personal values and personality traits is crucial in developmental psychology.
- Previous research has explored cross-sectional relationships, but longitudinal associations remain less understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the longitudinal and reciprocal associations between basic personal values and the Big Five personality traits.
- To determine if personality traits influence the development of values or if values shape personality over time.
Main Methods:
- Employed cross-lagged models to analyze data from 546 young adults over a 12-year period (three time points, 4 years apart).
- Utilized the Portrait Values Questionnaire and the Big Five Questionnaire to assess values and personality traits, respectively.
- Controlled for the stability of both variables to examine their dynamic interplay.
Main Results:
- Personal values did not demonstrate a significant effect on the development of personality traits.
- Specific personality traits showed influence on value changes: high Agreeableness predicted increased benevolence values, and high Openness predicted increased self-direction values.
- Traits exhibited synchronous correlations with values, indicating shared underlying factors, except for Emotional Stability.
Conclusions:
- The findings suggest that personality traits are more influential in shaping personal values over time than the reverse.
- The study highlights specific pathways through which Agreeableness and Openness impact value development in young adulthood.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these trait-value associations.
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