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Related Concept Videos

Solution Composition During Acid/Base Titrations01:17

Solution Composition During Acid/Base Titrations

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The titration of a weak acid with a strong base results in the formation of water and the conjugate base of the acid. For instance, titrating acetic acid with sodium hydroxide leads to the formation of water and sodium acetate. A solution of acetic acid and sodium acetate constitutes a buffer whose relative concentration at different stages of the titration is indicated by the α values, which represent percentages of the weak acid and its conjugate base.
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Some compounds produce hydroxide ions when dissolved by chemically reacting with water molecules. In all cases, these compounds react only partially and so are classified as weak bases. These types of compounds are also abundant in nature and important commodities in various technologies. For example, global production of the weak base ammonia is typically well over 100 metric tons annually, being widely used as an agricultural fertilizer, a raw material for chemical synthesis of other...
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The Synapse02:47

The Synapse

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Neurons communicate with one another by passing on their electrical signals to other neurons. A synapse is the location where two neurons meet to exchange signals. At the synapse, the neuron that sends the signal is called the presynaptic cell, while the neuron that receives the message is called the postsynaptic cell. Note that most neurons can be both presynaptic and postsynaptic, as they both transmit and receive information.
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Composition of Polyprotic Acid Solutions as a Function of pH01:19

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Polyprotic acids of the type H2M constitute two ionizable protons. As a result, on titration with a base, they exhibit two equivalence points in the titration curve. During titration, the species H2M, HM−, and M2− will be present in the solution at different points. The fractions of H2M, HM−, and M2− present at the various instances of the titration are denoted by α0, α1, and α2, respectively.
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Strong Acid and Base Solutions03:22

Strong Acid and Base Solutions

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A strong acid is a compound that dissociates completely in an aqueous solution and produces a concentration of hydronium ions equal to the initial concentration of acid. For example, 0.20 M hydrobromic acid will dissociate completely in water and produces 0.20 M of hydronium ions and 0.20 M of bromide ions.
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The Nucleosome Core Particle02:10

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Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
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Biological Spiking Synapse Constructed from Solution Processed Bimetal Core-Shell Nanoparticle Based Composites.

Li Zhou1, Jing-Yu Mao2, Yi Ren2

  • 1College of Electronic Science & Technology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|May 29, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel artificial synapse using gold-silver core-shell nanoparticles in resistive random-access memory (RRAM). This breakthrough mimics brain functions, paving the way for efficient neuromorphic computing systems.

Keywords:
artificial synapsesbimetal core-shell nanoparticlesneuromorphic computingresistive switchingsolution process

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Neuroscience
  • Computer Engineering

Background:

  • Neuromorphic computing aims to replicate the brain's efficiency using artificial synapses.
  • Resistive random-access memory (RRAM) offers tunable switching for synapse emulation.
  • The von Neumann bottleneck limits current computing architectures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a biological spiking synapse using solution-processed core-shell nanoparticles.
  • To emulate comprehensive synaptic functions for neuromorphic applications.
  • To demonstrate the potential of nanoparticle-based RRAM for future computing systems.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of Au@Ag core-shell nanoparticle-based RRAM devices.
  • Characterization of the devices' bistable resistive switching behavior.
  • Emulation of synaptic functions including plasticity and potentiation.

Main Results:

  • Achieved highly controllable bistable resistive switching via ion migration and filament formation.
  • Demonstrated effective emulation of paired-pulse dynamics, post-tetanic potentiation, and spike-time-dependent plasticity.
  • Successfully emulated the transition from short-term to long-term plasticity.

Conclusions:

  • Solution-processed bimetal core-shell nanoparticle RRAM effectively mimics biological synapses.
  • The developed artificial synapse shows great potential for creating advanced neuromorphic computing systems.
  • This approach offers a pathway to overcome limitations in conventional computing architectures.