Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Microsurgical Obstruction of Testes Fusion in Spodoptera litura
Published on: July 16, 2021
Spodoptera albula susceptibility to Bacillus thuringiensis-based biopesticides
Kelly Cristina Gonçalves1, Arlindo Leal Boiça Júnior1, Rogerio Teixeira Duarte2
1São Paulo State University, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Department of Crop Protection, Rod. Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane km 5, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
Abstract:
Single concentration and virulence (mean lethal concentration) bioassays were performed to evaluate the susceptibility of S. albula second instar larvae to seven Bacillus thuringiensis-based biopesticides. Bioassays were conducted using three replicates and repeated three times at 25 °C, 70 ± 10% RH, and a 12:12 (light/dark) photoperiod; mortality was recorded seven days after treatment. The results were subjected to a Tukey's test and Probit analysis. Agree, DiPel SC, and XenTari achieved mortality rates of up to 80%, with the first of these being the most virulent against S. albula. Different Dipel formulations showed different degrees of larvicidal activity.
Related Concept Videos
Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability
When diamagnetic materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Hence, the susceptibility for diamagnets has a minimal negative value of 10-5–10-6. Since...
Susceptibility, Permittivity and Dielectric Constant
Lewis Acids and Bases
A coordinate covalent bond (or dative bond) occurs when one of the atoms in the bond provides both bonding electrons. For example, a coordinate covalent bond occurs when a water molecule combines with a hydrogen ion to form a hydronium ion. A coordinate covalent bond also results when...
Weak Base Solutions
Base Excision Repair
The first step of...
Ions as Acids and Bases
Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations and anions, either of which may be capable of undergoing an acid or base ionization reaction with water. Aqueous salt solutions, therefore, may be acidic, basic, or neutral, depending on the relative acid-base strengths of the salt’s constituent ions. For example, dissolving the ammonium chloride in water results in its dissociation, as described by the equation:

