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Muscle Coactivation during Stability Exercises in Rhythmic Gymnastics: A Two-Case Study.
Alicja Rutkowska-Kucharska1, Agnieszka Szpala1, Sebastian Jaroszczuk2
1Department of Biomechanics, University of Physical Education in Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.
Applied Bionics and Biomechanics
|May 30, 2018
Summary
Rhythmic gymnasts on tiptoes overload foot joints. Limiting these exercises, especially the ring with hand support, is crucial for young athletes to prevent ankle and knee injuries.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Biomechanics
- Exercise Physiology
Background:
- Rhythmic gymnastics balance exercises on tiptoes can lead to foot joint overload.
- Understanding muscle engagement during these exercises is vital for injury prevention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate muscle engagement in ankle and knee joint stabilization during balance exercises.
- To identify specific exercises that may increase the risk of ankle and knee injuries in gymnasts.
Main Methods:
- Surface electromyography, ground reaction forces, and kinematic parameters were measured in two rhythmic gymnasts (8 and 21 years old).
- Exercises included balances on tiptoes and flat foot, synchronized with the BTS SMART system.
Main Results:
- Gastrocnemius medialis (GM) and gastrocnemius lateralis (GL) muscle activity significantly exceeded normal levels during tiptoe balances.
- Younger gymnasts showed greater reliance on GM and GL for ankle stabilization and distributed foot load differently than older gymnasts.
Conclusions:
- Balance exercises on tiptoes should be limited in children due to excessive gastrocnemius muscle activity.
- The 'ring with hand support' exercise is particularly discouraged for young gymnasts to prevent joint injuries.
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