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Diabetic foot infection: A critical complication
Jennifer J Hurlow1, Gavin J Humphreys1, Frank L Bowling2,3
1Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
International Wound Journal
|May 30, 2018
Summary
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) affect 25% of diabetics, often leading to infection. Biofilm challenges current treatments, necessitating new, cost-effective prevention and management strategies for diabetic foot infections (DFIs).
Area of Science:
- Diabetology
- Infectious Diseases
- Wound Care
Background:
- Diabetes prevalence has quadrupled globally in 40 years.
- Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) affect 25% of diabetics, costing twice as much as other chronic ulcers.
- Microbial biofilm is linked to DFU chronicity and infection, with nearly 50% of DFUs developing into diabetic foot infections (DFIs).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review challenges in DFI prevention and management.
- To compare current standards of care with biofilm-related knowledge.
- To highlight considerations for developing cost-effective DFI protocols.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of DFI prevention and management.
- Analysis of current standards of care.
- Comparison with biofilm research and characteristics.
Main Results:
- DFIs often develop before expert DFU management referral.
- Less than 50% of infected DFUs heal within a year, leading to hospitalization and amputation.
- Current antimicrobial treatments show limited effectiveness against biofilm microbes.
Conclusions:
- DFI prevention and management paradigms are evolving.
- Biofilm recalcitrance challenges existing treatment protocols.
- There is a need for cost-effective DFI care protocols.
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