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Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Isolation and Characterization of Cyanobacterial Extracellular Vesicles
Published on: February 3, 2022
Jizanpeptins, Cyanobacterial Protease Inhibitors from a Symploca sp. Cyanobacterium Collected in the Red Sea
David A Gallegos1, Josep Saurí2, Ryan D Cohen3
1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States.
Abstract:
Jizanpeptins A-E (1-5) are micropeptin depsipeptides isolated from a Red Sea specimen of a Symploca sp. cyanobacterium. The planar structures of the jizanpeptins were established using NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry and contain 3-amino-6-hydroxy-2-piperidone (Ahp) as one of eight residues in a typical micropeptin motif, as well as a side chain terminal glyceric acid sulfate moiety. The absolute configurations of the jizanpeptins were assigned using a combination of Marfey's methodology and chiral-phase HPLC analysis of hydrolysis products compared to commercial and synthesized standards. Jizanpeptins A-E showed specific inhibition of the serine protease trypsin (IC50 = 72 nM to 1 μM) compared to chymotrypsin (IC50 = 1.4 to >10 μM) in vitro and were not overtly cytotoxic to HeLa cervical or NCI-H460 lung cancer cell lines at micromolar concentrations.
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