Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Colors and Magnetism

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...

Color Vision

Color Vision

Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.

What are Viruses?

What are Viruses?

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...

Introduction to Virus

Introduction to Virus

Viruses are unique biological entities that blur the boundary between living and non-living systems. Although they lack cellular structure and metabolic processes, they can exhibit characteristics of life when infecting a host. Their defining feature is a nucleic acid core, composed of either DNA or RNA, encapsulated within a protein coat called a capsid. This simple structure allows them to invade host cells and use their machinery for replication efficiently.Viral Structure and...

Viruses of Archaea

Viruses of Archaea

Archaeal viruses play a crucial role in the ecosystems of extremophilic archaea, particularly those belonging to the phyla Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota. By shaping host evolution and facilitating gene transfer, these viruses influence microbial communities and contribute to genetic diversity in extreme environments. The archaea they infect thrive in acidic hot springs and hydrothermal vents characterized by high temperatures and low pH. Archaeal viruses exhibit remarkable structural...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Molecular architecture of heterochromatin at the nuclear periphery of primary human cells.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

Lenacapavir-induced capsid damage uncovers HIV-1 genomes emanating from nuclear speckles.

The EMBO journal·2025

Same author

Aquarius helicase facilitates HIV-1 integration into R-loop enriched genomic regions.

Nature microbiology·2025

Same author

A Single-Cell Perspective on the Effects of Dopamine in the Regulation of HIV Latency Phenotypes in a Myeloid Cell Model.

Viruses·2025

Same author

Genome characteristics at the borders.

Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology·2025

Same author

Walking the LINEs hidden in the dark matter of the genome.

Nature genetics·2022

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color

Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color

Published on: February 20, 2014

Coloring hidden viruses.

¹Center for Integrative Infectious Disease Research, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.

|May 30, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new dual-color reporter shows that the location of latent Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) integration in the genome determines its fate. This finding impacts understanding of HIV-1 persistence and potential therapeutic strategies.

Keywords:

HIV-1 latency human infectious disease integration sites latency reversal latency reversing agents microbiology reservoirs virus

More Related Videos

Plaquing of Herpes Simplex Viruses

Plaquing of Herpes Simplex Viruses

Published on: November 5, 2021

Reverse Dissection and DiceCT Reveal Otherwise Hidden Data in the Evolution of the Primate Face

Reverse Dissection and DiceCT Reveal Otherwise Hidden Data in the Evolution of the Primate Face

Published on: January 7, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color

Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color

Published on: February 20, 2014

Plaquing of Herpes Simplex Viruses

Plaquing of Herpes Simplex Viruses

Published on: November 5, 2021

Reverse Dissection and DiceCT Reveal Otherwise Hidden Data in the Evolution of the Primate Face

Reverse Dissection and DiceCT Reveal Otherwise Hidden Data in the Evolution of the Primate Face

Published on: January 7, 2019

Area of Science:

Virology
Molecular Biology
Genomics

Background:

Latent Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) reservoirs are a major barrier to curing HIV/AIDS.
Understanding the factors that maintain HIV-1 latency is crucial for developing effective eradication strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and utilize an improved dual-color reporter system to investigate the impact of genomic integration site on HIV-1 latency.
To elucidate the relationship between HIV-1 integration site and viral reactivation.

Main Methods:

Development of a novel dual-color reporter assay for monitoring HIV-1 gene expression and integration.
Genomic analysis to identify integration sites of latent HIV-1.
Correlation of integration site with viral latency markers.

Main Results:

The study identified specific genomic regions associated with the maintenance of HIV-1 latency.
Integration site significantly influences the probability of HIV-1 reactivation.
The dual-color reporter system effectively distinguished between latent and reactivated viral states.

Conclusions:

Genomic integration site is a critical determinant of HIV-1 latency.
Targeting specific integration sites could be a potential strategy to reactivate latent HIV-1 and facilitate viral eradication.
The developed reporter system offers a valuable tool for studying HIV-1 latency dynamics.