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Semiconductors01:22

Semiconductors

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There is variation in the electrical conductivity of materials - metals, semiconductors, and insulators that are showcased with the help of the energy band diagrams.
Metals such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), or lead (Pb) have low resistivity and feature conduction bands that are either not fully occupied or overlap with the valence band, making a bandgap non-existent. This allows electrons in the highest energy levels of the valence band to easily transition to the conduction band upon gaining...
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Intrinsic semiconductors are highly pure materials with no impurities. At absolute zero, these semiconductors behave as perfect insulators because all the valence electrons are bound, and the conduction band is empty, disallowing electrical conduction. The Fermi level is a concept used to describe the probability of occupancy of energy levels by electrons at thermal equilibrium. In intrinsic semiconductors, the Fermi level is positioned at the midpoint of the energy gap at absolute zero. When...
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Metal-Semiconductor Junctions01:24

Metal-Semiconductor Junctions

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The contact of metal and semiconductor can lead to the formation of a junction with either Schottky or Ohmic behavior.
Schottky Barriers
Schottky barriers arise when a metal with a work function (Φm) contacts a semiconductor with a different work function (Φs). Initially, electrons transfer until the Fermi levels of the metal and semiconductor align at equilibrium. For instance, if Φm > Φs, the semiconductor Fermi level is higher than the metal's before contact. The...
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Alkyl Halides02:45

Alkyl Halides

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Structural Properties
Alkyl halides are halogen-substituted alkanes wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine. The carbon atom in an alkyl halide is bonded to the halogen atom, which is sp3-hybridized and exhibits a tetrahedral shape.
Unlike alkyl halides, compounds in which a halogen atom is bonded to an sp2 -hybridized carbon atom of a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) are called vinyl halides. Whereas aryl...
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Acid Halides to Esters: Alcoholysis01:12

Acid Halides to Esters: Alcoholysis

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Alcoholysis is a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction in which an alcohol functions as a nucleophile. Acid halides react with alcohol to produce esters. The mechanism proceeds in three steps:
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Biasing of Metal-Semiconductor Junctions01:27

Biasing of Metal-Semiconductor Junctions

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Biasing metal-semiconductor junctions involves applying a voltage across the junction. Specifically, the metal is connected to a voltage source, while the semiconductor is grounded. This technique is essential for controlling the direction and magnitude of current flow in electronic devices, including diodes, transistors, and photovoltaic cells.
In Schottky junctions, where the semiconductor is n-type, applying a positive voltage to the metal relative to the semiconductor reduces its Fermi...
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Facile Synthesis of Colloidal Lead Halide Perovskite Nanoplatelets via Ligand-Assisted Reprecipitation
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Lasing from lead halide perovskite semiconductor microcavity system.

Jun Wang1, Peimei Da, Zhe Zhang

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China. zhanghai@fudan.edu.cn.

Nanoscale
|May 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a tunable laser using organic-inorganic halide perovskite semiconductors. Lowering temperature improved laser performance by reducing thermal fluctuations, paving the way for advanced optoelectronic devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Optoelectronics
  • Quantum Optics

Background:

  • Organic-inorganic halide perovskites exhibit excellent optoelectronic properties, making them promising for photonic devices.
  • High absorption, photoluminescence efficiency, and low nonradiative recombination losses are key advantages.
  • Fabry-Perot (FP) microcavities are essential for laser fabrication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate a wavelength-tunable excitonic laser using perovskite materials.
  • To investigate the effect of temperature on laser performance and spectral coherence.
  • To explore the potential of perovskite microcavities for light-matter interaction studies and optoelectronic devices.

Main Methods:

  • Embedding organic-inorganic halide perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3) into a Fabry-Perot (FP) microcavity.
  • Characterizing the lasing properties, including threshold and spectral coherence.
  • Analyzing the temperature-dependent behavior of the perovskite microcavity (PM) system.

Main Results:

  • Achieved wavelength-tunable excitonic lasing with a low threshold (12.9 μJ cm-2) and good spectral coherence (0.76 nm).
  • Observed decreased lasing threshold and enhanced spectral coherence with decreasing temperature.
  • Demonstrated a redshift in both lasing and below-threshold emission with decreasing temperature, attributed to suppressed exciton radiative recombination.

Conclusions:

  • The developed perovskite microcavity (PM) system offers a viable platform for tunable lasing.
  • Temperature reduction is crucial for optimizing laser performance and spectral coherence.
  • The PM system is suitable for fundamental studies in quantum optics and the development of novel optoelectronic devices like polariton lasers.