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Spiroplasma membrane lipids.

P J Davis, A Katznel, S Razin

    Journal of Bacteriology
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Spiroplasma membranes incorporate external phospholipids, with sphingomyelin preferred. Fatty acid composition and membrane fluidity studies reveal unique characteristics in Spiroplasma floricola, differing from other related bacteria.

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    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Lipid Biochemistry
    • Membrane Biophysics

    Background:

    • Spiroplasmas are helical, wall-less bacteria with unique membrane compositions.
    • Understanding spiroplasma membrane lipid incorporation and structure is crucial for their biology and potential interactions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the lipid composition and membrane properties of various spiroplasma strains.
    • To determine the incorporation of exogenous phospholipids and fatty acids into spiroplasma membranes.
    • To analyze the membrane fluidity and fatty acid distribution in Spiroplasma floricola.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation of spiroplasma membranes using osmotic lysis and sonication with EDTA.
    • Analysis of membrane lipid composition, including cholesterol and phospholipids.

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  • Incorporation studies using radiolabeled fatty acids and exogenous phospholipid sources.
  • Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy for membrane fluidity assessment.

    • Main Results:

    • Spiroplasmas incorporated exogenous phospholipids, particularly sphingomyelin, from growth media.
    • Palmitate was preferentially incorporated over oleate into synthesized membrane lipids.
    • Phosphatidylglycerol was the major synthesized phospholipid, with unique fatty acid positional distribution in S. floricola.
    • S. floricola membranes exhibited homogeneous fluidity and intermediate rigidity compared to Mycoplasma and Acholeplasma species.

    Conclusions:

    • Spiroplasmas actively modulate their membrane lipid composition by incorporating exogenous lipids.
    • The specific fatty acid composition and positional distribution in S. floricola contribute to its distinct membrane biophysical properties.
    • Spiroplasma membrane structure and fluidity are influenced by both endogenous synthesis and exogenous lipid uptake.