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Inclusions in equine cytologic specimens.

K P Freeman, J F Roszel, S H Slusher

    Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
    |February 15, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Cytologic examination of horses revealed cellular changes and inclusions. These findings, including ciliocytophthoria and nuclear inclusions, resembled human viral infections and were linked to equine herpesvirus type 1.

    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Pathology
    • Equine Medicine
    • Cytology

    Background:

    • Cytologic examination is crucial for diagnosing various conditions in horses.
    • Cellular abnormalities and inclusions can indicate viral infections or degenerative processes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify and characterize inclusions and cellular changes in cytologic specimens from horses.
    • To compare these findings with known human viral infections and equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) infections.

    Main Methods:

    • Cytologic specimens (bronchial aspirates, serous fluid) were collected from healthy and hospitalized horses.
    • Microscopic examination was performed to identify cellular changes and inclusions.
    • Findings were compared to human viral infections and EHV-1 cell culture studies.

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    Main Results:

    • Detached ciliated cytoplasmic tufts and cytoplasmic inclusions (ciliocytophthoria) were observed, resembling parainfluenza virus infection in humans.
    • Nuclear inclusions, similar to human herpetic infections, were found in bronchial aspirates and serous fluid.
    • These abnormalities mirrored changes seen in cell cultures infected with equine herpesvirus type 1.

    Conclusions:

    • The observed cellular changes and inclusions in horses share similarities with human viral infections.
    • Equine herpesvirus type 1 is a potential cause of these cytologic findings in horses.
    • Cytology can aid in the diagnosis of viral-related conditions in equine respiratory and other diseases.