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Related Concept Videos

Autonomic Nervous System01:22

Autonomic Nervous System

13.0K
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a critical component of the peripheral nervous system, primarily responsible for regulating involuntary bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. It functions in tandem with the central nervous system (CNS) to seamlessly coordinate various physiological processes without the need for conscious control.
The ANS comprises two main divisions: the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. These divisions function antagonistically to maintain a dynamic...
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Autonomic Nervous System: Overview01:26

Autonomic Nervous System: Overview

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The human nervous system is divided into two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS is composed of the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS contains nerve cells, clusters of nerve cells, and the sensory receptors that are outside the CNS. The PNS has two types of nerve cells: sensory (afferent) and motor (efferent). Sensory cells send signals to the CNS from receptors, and motor cells carry signals from the CNS to organs, muscles, and...
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Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System01:18

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
Raynaud's disease, also known as Raynaud's...
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Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants01:23

Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants

2.1K

Ganglionic stimulants activate NM nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia, falling into two categories: nicotine mimetics [e.g., lobeline, dimethylpiperazine, tetramethylammonium] and muscarinic receptor agonists [e.g., muscarine, methacholine]. The first category's action is rapid and blocked by nicotinic receptor antagonists, while the second category's action is delayed and blocked by atropine-like agents. Nicotine, an alkaloid, affects the heart rate by stimulating...
2.1K
Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Blockers01:28

Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Blockers

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Ganglionic blockers inhibit autonomic activity by blocking nicotinic receptors in the autonomic ganglia, suppressing impulse transmission. These blockers lack selectivity between sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia and are ineffective as neuromuscular junction antagonists. They can be categorized into two groups:
1.7K
Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

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As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Design and Construction of an Urban Runoff Research Facility
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Design and Construction of an Urban Runoff Research Facility

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Are autonomous cities our urban future?

Barbara Norman1

  • 1Canberra Urban and Regional Futures (CURF), University of Canberra, ACT Climate Change Council, Canberra, ACT, Australia. barbara.norman@canberra.edu.au.

Nature Communications
|May 31, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Rapid urban expansion necessitates smart city solutions and global networks. However, sustainable urban futures require looking beyond technology and city autonomy to broader systemic factors.

Area of Science:

  • Urban studies
  • Sustainability science
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Cities are experiencing unprecedented growth in size, wealth, and influence, with some urban areas surpassing nation-states in scale.
  • The development of smart city technologies and international urban collaborations aims to address challenges posed by massive urban expansion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the limitations of technological solutions and urban autonomy in achieving sustainable urban futures.
  • To highlight the necessity of considering the wider systemic context in urban development.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of urban growth patterns.
  • Review of smart city initiatives and global urban networks.
  • Systems thinking approach to urban sustainability.

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Quantitative Autonomic Testing
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Related Experiment Videos

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Quantitative Autonomic Testing
11:40

Quantitative Autonomic Testing

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Breakfast Habits among Schoolchildren in the City of Uruguaiana, Brazil
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Main Results:

  • Technological advancements and increased city autonomy alone are insufficient for sustainable urban development.
  • Cities are interconnected components of a larger global system, influencing and being influenced by external factors.
  • A holistic approach is required, integrating urban strategies within broader ecological and social frameworks.

Conclusions:

  • Achieving a sustainable urban future demands more than just smart city solutions and independent urban governance.
  • Understanding and addressing the complex interdependencies within the wider urban system is crucial.
  • Future urban development strategies must incorporate systemic resilience and interconnectedness.