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Psychology as a Science01:13

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Categorical and Geographical Separation in Science.

Julian Sienkiewicz1, Krzysztof Soja1, Janusz A Hołyst1,2

  • 1Faculty of Physics, Center of Excellence for Complex Systems Research, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75, Warsaw, 00662, Poland.

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University scientific collaboration reveals that not all disciplines equally impact university rankings. Best universities do not exclusively collaborate with peers, and collaboration decreases with geographical distance.

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Area of Science:

  • Bibliometrics
  • Sociology of Science
  • Network Analysis

Background:

  • Understanding university rankings and scientific collaboration patterns is crucial for institutional development.
  • Previous studies have explored collaboration but often lack a disciplinary focus or network perspective.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine which scientific disciplines most influence university rankings.
  • To investigate whether top-ranked universities preferentially collaborate with other leading institutions.
  • To analyze the spatial patterns of scientific collaboration.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of publication data from the top 100 universities in 2009.
  • Correlation analysis between publication counts in specific scientific categories and university rank.
  • Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for disciplinary clustering.
  • Complex networks analysis to study collaboration patterns and geographical influence.

Main Results:

  • The correlation between publication counts in certain scientific categories and university rank is not uniformly negative; some categories show positive correlations.
  • PCA reveals distinct clusters of scientific disciplines, broadly aligning with natural sciences, medicine, and arts/humanities.
  • Network analysis suggests that scientific collaboration remains influenced by geographical proximity, with collaboration frequency decreasing as distance increases.

Conclusions:

  • Scientific disciplines have varying impacts on university rankings, challenging simple assumptions.
  • Collaboration networks are not solely composed of elite institutions, indicating broader engagement.
  • Geographical distance remains a significant factor in the structure of scientific collaboration.