Treatment of Saos-2 osteosarcoma cells with diallyl trisulfide is associated with an increase in calreticulin
Wen-Peng Xie1, Yue Zhang1, Yong-Kui Zhang2
1Department of Orthopedics, First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, P.R. China.
Abstract:
Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) is a natural organic sulfur compound that may be isolated from garlic and has strong anticancer activity. DATS has been demonstrated to upregulate the expression of calreticulin (CRT) in various types of human cancers, which is associated with the prognosis of cancer and its response to therapy. However, whether DATS has the same effect on human osteosarcoma cells is not known. Therefore, in the present study, Saos-2 human osteosarcoma cells were cultured with different concentrations of DATS (0, 25, 50 and 100 µmol/l) for 24 h, or with 50 µmol/l DATS for different time periods (0, 12, 24 and 36 h). Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blotting and immunofluorescent staining were used to detect CRT mRNA and protein in the Saos-2 cells. Exposure to DATS changed the morphology and inhibited the growth of the Saos-2 cells, and its effects appeared to be concentration- and exposure time-dependent. The optimum concentration and exposure time of DATS were 50 µmol/l and 24 h, respectively. The levels of CRT mRNA and protein in the Saos-2 cells were significantly upregulated following exposure to DATS. The upregulation of CRT expression by DATS may be a mechanism underlying the ability of DATS to inhibit the growth of human osteosarcoma Saos-2 cells.
Insights
Diallyl trisulfide (DATS), a garlic compound, effectively inhibits osteosarcoma cell growth. DATS significantly increases calreticulin (CRT) expression in these cells, suggesting a novel therapeutic mechanism for bone cancer.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) is a sulfur compound from garlic with known anticancer properties.
- DATS upregulates calreticulin (CRT) expression in various cancers, impacting prognosis and treatment response.
- The effect of DATS on human osteosarcoma cells and CRT expression remained uninvestigated.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of DATS on human osteosarcoma Saos-2 cells.
- To determine if DATS influences calreticulin (CRT) mRNA and protein expression in osteosarcoma.
- To explore the potential mechanism of DATS-induced osteosarcoma cell growth inhibition.
Main Methods:
- Saos-2 cells were treated with varying DATS concentrations (0-100 µmol/l) and durations (0-36 h).
- Calreticulin (CRT) mRNA and protein levels were quantified using RT-qPCR and western blotting.
- Immunofluorescent staining assessed CRT expression and cellular morphology changes.
Main Results:
- DATS exposure inhibited Saos-2 cell growth and altered cell morphology in a dose- and time-dependent manner.
- Optimal conditions for DATS effect were 50 µmol/l for 24 h.
- Significant upregulation of both CRT mRNA and protein was observed following DATS treatment.
Conclusions:
- Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) demonstrates significant inhibitory effects on human osteosarcoma Saos-2 cell growth.
- The observed anticancer activity of DATS in osteosarcoma is associated with the upregulation of calreticulin (CRT) expression.
- DATS represents a potential therapeutic agent for osteosarcoma, with CRT upregulation as a key mechanism.
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