Early Neurodevelopmental Outcomes After Corrective Cardiac Surgery In Infants

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Ritchie Sharon Solomon1, Tanuja Sasi2, Abish Sudhakar1

  • 1Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita University, Kochi, Kerala, India.

Indian Pediatrics
|May 31, 2018
PubMed

Insights

One year after corrective infant heart surgery, neurodevelopmental status was delayed in 14.5% of infants. Early term birth and head circumference predicted delayed motor scores.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics
  • Congenital Heart Disease

Background:

  • Congenital heart disease (CHD) affects numerous infants globally.
  • Surgical correction is vital but may impact neurodevelopmental outcomes.
  • Assessing neurodevelopmental status post-surgery is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate neurodevelopmental status in Indian infants post-CHD corrective surgery.
  • To identify factors associated with neurodevelopmental delay in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary-care pediatric cardiology facility.
  • 162 infants undergoing CHD corrective surgery (excluding palliative procedures and genetic syndromes) were assessed.
  • Neurodevelopmental evaluation used the Developmental Assessment Scales for Indian Infants (DASII) at 3 months and 1 year post-surgery.

Main Results:

  • At 3 months, 33.5% and 19.6% of infants showed delayed psychomotor development index (PDI) and mental development index (MDI) scores, respectively.
  • By 1-year follow-up, these rates decreased to 14.5%.
  • Delayed PDI at one year was linked to early term birth and a head circumference Z-score <-2. Higher cardiopulmonary bypass perfusion pressure predicted delayed MDI.

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of infants (14.5%) experience delayed neurodevelopmental status one year after corrective infant heart surgery.
  • Specific factors like early term birth and head circumference are associated with motor delays.
  • While some factors influence outcomes, cardiac diagnosis and peri-operative details did not show significant impact.
Abstract

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