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Related Concept Videos

Phosphorylation01:02

Phosphorylation

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The addition or removal of phosphate groups from proteins is the most common chemical modification that regulates cellular processes. These modifications can affect the structure, activity, stability, and localization of proteins within cells as well as their interactions with other proteins.
During phosphorylation, protein kinases transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid side chains of substrate proteins. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine are the most commonly...
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In Vitro SUMOylation Assay to Study SUMO E3 Ligase Activity
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Sumoylation and phosphorylation: hidden and overt links.

Konstantin Tomanov1, Ella Nukarinen2, Jorge Vicente3

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Journal of Experimental Botany
|May 31, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Post-translational modifications like phosphorylation and sumoylation are key to plant stress responses. These modifications work together, with proteins like nitrate reductase integrating signals to influence plant growth.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Plant Science

Background:

  • Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are crucial for translating environmental signals into cellular responses.
  • Phosphorylation and sumoylation are two key PTMs that regulate transcriptional patterns.
  • Interactions between these PTMs are increasingly recognized as vital for adaptive processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the interdependent roles of phosphorylation and sumoylation in modulating plant stress responses.
  • To highlight how these modifications integrate environmental and developmental cues.
  • To identify common substrates and understand their role in plant growth.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent data on the interplay between phosphorylation and sumoylation.
  • Analysis of proteomics data for identifying common substrates.
  • Case study focusing on nitrate reductase as an integration hub.

Main Results:

  • Many components of the SUMO conjugation system are phosphoproteins.
  • Some protein phosphorylation regulators and enzymes are sumoylated.
  • Nitrate reductase serves as a prime example of a protein integrating both phosphorylation and sumoylation signals.
  • Proteomics identified additional common substrates for both modifications.

Conclusions:

  • Phosphorylation and sumoylation exhibit significant cross-talk, influencing plant stress responses.
  • Common substrates act as hubs to integrate signals from different modification pathways.
  • Understanding this cross-talk is essential for comprehending plant growth and adaptation.