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Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds with Gradations in Fiber Organization
Published on: April 19, 2015
Inverse Opal Scaffolds with Gradations in Mineral Content for Spatial Control of Osteogenesis
Chunlei Zhu1, Jichuan Qiu1, Suphannee Pongkitwitoon2
1The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
Abstract:
The design and fabrication of inverse opal scaffolds with gradations in mineral content to achieve spatial control of osteogenesis are described. The gradient in mineral content is established via the diffusion-limited transport of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in a closely packed lattice of gelatin microbeads. The mineral-graded scaffold has an array of uniform pores and interconnected windows to facilitate efficient transport of nutrients and metabolic wastes, ensuring high cell viability. The graded distribution of mineral content can provide biochemical and mechanical cues for spatially regulating the osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stromal cells. This new class of scaffolds holds promise for engineering the interfaces between mineralized and unmineralized tissues.
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