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[Exposure Assessment in Japan Environment and Children's Study]
Shoji F Nakayama1,2, Tomohiko Isobe1,2, Miyuki Iwai-Shimada1,2
1Exposure Dynamics Research Section, Centre for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies.
Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi. Japanese Journal of Hygiene
|June 1, 2018
Summary
The Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS) uses biomonitoring to assess chemical exposures in mothers and children. Challenges include measurement reliability, prompting development of advanced methods like pharmacokinetic (PK) models.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Pediatric Health
- Biomonitoring
Background:
- The Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS) is a large-scale cohort study.
- It involves over 100,000 pregnant mothers and their children.
- Assessing environmental chemical exposures is crucial for child health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline an initial exposure assessment plan for JECS using biomonitoring.
- To identify and discuss challenges in biomonitoring for exposure measurements.
- To explore advanced methodologies for future exposure analyses within JECS.
Main Methods:
- Collection of diverse biological samples from mothers and children (blood, urine, hair, breast milk, cord blood, blood spot).
- Focus on biomonitoring techniques for chemical exposure assessment.
- Development of simulation models, pharmacokinetic (PK) models, and exposomics techniques.
Main Results:
- Biomonitoring samples collected provide a basis for assessing maternal and fetal exposures.
- Measurement reliability (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient - ICC) and attenuation bias are key considerations.
- Advanced analytical techniques including deciduous teeth measurements and -omics analyses are being integrated.
Conclusions:
- Biomonitoring is a core component of JECS exposure assessment, but requires careful consideration of reliability.
- Pharmacokinetic (PK) models and sensor technologies are vital for future JECS exposure analyses.
- Statistical methods for complex exposure scenarios and non-detection data require further development.