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Infection of Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) as a Model for the Pathogenesis of Cryptococcus gattii

Emmanuel Nnaemeka Nnadi1, Ifeoma Bessie Enweani2, Grace Mebi Ayanbimpe3

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Plateau State University.

Medical Mycology Journal
|June 1, 2018
PubMed

Insights

The embryonated egg model effectively evaluates fungal virulence, showing C. gattii R272 as more virulent than R265. This model offers a valuable alternative for pre-screening fungal pathogens like Cryptococcus gattii.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Pathogenesis Research
  • In vivo models

Background:

  • Murine models are standard for fungal pathogenesis studies.
  • Embryonated egg models offer an alternative for screening fungal virulence factors.
  • The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of embryonated eggs is a viable model for studying fungal interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the virulence potential of Cryptococcus gattii strains (R265, R272, EJB18) and Malassezia sympodialis using the embryonated egg CAM model.
  • To assess the suitability of the CAM model for evaluating fungal virulence and growth.
  • To compare the virulence of different C. gattii strains within the egg model.

Main Methods:

  • Inoculation of embryonated chicken eggs with specific concentrations (10^7 cfu/ml) of C. gattii and M. sympodialis strains.
  • Observation of lesion formation and organism re-isolation from the CAM.
  • Histopathological analysis of CAM tissues to assess damage.
  • Evaluation of M. sympodialis hyphal growth on the CAM.

Main Results:

  • C. gattii R272 demonstrated higher virulence than R265 in the CAM model; EJB18 exhibited low virulence.
  • The CAM model supported M. sympodialis growth and induced hyphal formation.
  • Lesion development and successful re-isolation confirmed the model's utility for C. gattii virulence assessment.
  • Histopathology revealed significant CAM disruption by both fungal species.

Conclusions:

  • The embryonated egg CAM model serves as a useful alternative tool for pre-screening C. gattii strains before murine model testing.
  • This model shows potential for studying fungal pathogenesis and growth characteristics, including hyphal development in Malassezia species.
Keywords:
Cryptococcus gattiiMalasseziaembryonated eggvirulence

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