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Marine sponge microbiomes show stability despite environmental changes, challenging the diversity-stability concept. Microbial diversity did not impact sponge stress response or microbiome resistance to salinity fluctuations.

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Area of Science:

  • Theoretical ecology
  • Marine biology
  • Microbiome research

Background:

  • The diversity-stability concept posits a positive correlation between biodiversity and ecosystem stability.
  • Applying this concept to host-associated microbiomes raises questions about microbial diversity's role in microbiome stability and host stress response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of microbial diversity on the stability of marine sponge microbiomes under environmental fluctuations.
  • To determine if hosts with varying microbial diversity exhibit different stress responses to disturbances.

Main Methods:

  • Exposed six marine sponge species with diverse microbial communities to non-lethal salinity disturbances.
  • Monitored microbial composition over time using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.

Main Results:

  • Sponge microbiomes demonstrated compositional resistance to salinity changes, regardless of initial microbial diversity.
  • No signs of host stress were observed in sponges following the salinity disturbance.
  • Microbiome stability was observed at multiple taxonomic levels (oligotype, genus, phylum) and was host-specific.

Conclusions:

  • The diversity-stability concept does not appear to apply to the studied marine sponge microbiomes.
  • Sponge microbiomes exhibit inherent resistance and stability, contributing to the known environmental tolerance of sponges.