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Area of Science:

  • Endodontics
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Chlorhexidine (CHX) is a common root canal irrigant with antimicrobial properties.
  • Mixing CHX with sodium hypochlorite or heating it can produce cytotoxic p-chloroaniline.
  • Passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) can increase irrigant temperature, potentially generating p-chloroaniline.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the influence of ultrasonic and sonic activation on chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) temperature.
  • To investigate the effect of different activation intensities on CHX temperature.

Main Methods:

  • Groups: control (no activation), ultrasonic activation, sonic activation.
  • 0.5 ml CHX in a 37°C water bath; temperature recorded every 30 seconds (60-180s).
  • Statistical analysis using Mann-Whitney U-test.

Main Results:

  • Both ultrasonic and sonic activation increased CHX temperature compared to the control.
  • Higher activation intensities resulted in greater temperature increases in both activated groups.

Conclusions:

  • Ultrasonic and sonic activation correlate with increased CHX temperature.
  • This temperature increase may be a factor in p-chloroaniline formation during root canal treatment.