Human Pregenual Anterior Cingulate Cortex: Structural, Functional, and Connectional Heterogeneity
Nicola Palomero-Gallagher1,2, Felix Hoffstaedter3,4, Hartmut Mohlberg1
1Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
The human pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pACC) is a complex brain region with distinct functional areas. New research maps these areas, revealing specific roles in interoception, action inhibition, and empathy.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Neuroanatomy
- Cognitive Neuroscience
Background:
- The human pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pACC) comprises 7 distinct cyto- and receptorarchitectonic areas.
- Detailed functional understanding and stereotaxic maps of these pACC areas are currently lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To create an integrated structural and functional map of the pACC.
- To delineate specific functions associated with distinct pACC cytoarchitectonic areas.
Main Methods:
- Probabilistic cytoarchitectonic mapping.
- Meta-analytic connectivity modeling.
- Quantitative functional decoding.
Main Results:
- Merged gyral (p24ab) and sulcal (p24c) components for analysis due to spatial resolution limits.
- Area p24ab linked to interoception.
- Area p24c associated with action inhibition.
- Area p32 linked to empathy and cognitive emotion regulation.
Conclusions:
- The pACC is a structurally and functionally heterogeneous region.
- Distinct areas within the pACC, such as p24ab, p24c, and p32, have specialized functions.
- Area p32 functions as cingulate association cortex crucial for emotion regulation.
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