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Next-generation Sequencing03:00

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The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
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Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
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Cis-regulatory Sequences02:02

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Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
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Sequences01:29

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Sequences are fundamental mathematical objects consisting of ordered lists of numbers that follow a specific rule or pattern. Sequences are critical in various mathematical concepts, including calculus, series, and number theory. They can model real-world phenomena such as population growth, financial investments, and physical processes like the diminishing height of a bouncing ball.Each number in a sequence is referred to as a term. Typically, the terms are denoted as a1, a2, a3,…, where...
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Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
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DNA sequencing is a fundamental technique that is routinely used in the biological sciences. This method can be applied to a range of questions at different scales - from the sequencing of a cloned DNA fragment or the study of a mutation in a gene up to whole-genome sequencing. However, despite the widespread use of sequencing today, it was not until 1977 that Fredrick Sanger and his collaborators developed the chain-termination method to decode DNA sequences. It relies on the separation of a...
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Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Amplicon Sequencing using the Long-Read Sequencing Technologies
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Overview of Next-Generation Sequencing Technologies.

Barton E Slatko1, Andrew F Gardner1, Frederick M Ausubel2

  • 1New England Biolabs, Ipswich, Massachusetts.

Current Protocols in Molecular Biology
|June 1, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have advanced rapidly, offering new applications in science. This review compiles NGS methods and their uses, with links for further exploration.

Keywords:
NGSSanger sequencingnext-generation sequencing

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics and Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • High-throughput DNA sequencing, specifically next-generation sequencing (NGS), has undergone significant evolution over the last 15 years.
  • Continuous commercialization of new sequencing methods drives technological advancement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of next-generation sequencing methodologies.
  • To catalog the diverse applications of NGS in both basic and applied scientific research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current and emerging next-generation sequencing technologies.
  • Compilation of associated applications across various scientific disciplines.

Main Results:

  • Detailed discussions of various NGS methodologies.
  • Inclusion of web links to manufacturers and web-based visualizations for each method.

Conclusions:

  • The rapid development of NGS technologies offers expanding opportunities for scientific discovery.
  • This review serves as a resource for understanding NGS methods and their applications.