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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 9, 2026

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[New methods for preterm birth prediction: the PAMG-1 test].

Laura Di Fabrizio1, Irene Giardina1, Irene Cetin2

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.

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|June 2, 2018
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Summary

The placental alpha microglobulin-1 (PAMG-1) test accurately predicts imminent preterm labor (PTL) within 7 days in pregnant women. This high negative predictive value helps avoid unnecessary medical interventions for expectant mothers.

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Area of Science:

  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Biochemical Markers in Pregnancy
  • Obstetrics and Gynecology

Background:

  • Assessing preterm labor (PTL) risk is crucial for maternal and fetal well-being.
  • Traditional methods for PTL risk assessment often lack accuracy, leading to unnecessary interventions.
  • Cervicovaginal secretions offer a potential source for reliable PTL biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of the placental alpha microglobulin-1 (PAMG-1) test in predicting imminent spontaneous delivery within 7 days.
  • To assess the PAMG-1 test's ability to predict delivery before 34 weeks of gestation.
  • To determine the utility of the PAMG-1 test in women with signs of PTL and specific cervical lengths.

Main Methods:

  • The PAMG-1 test was performed on cervicovaginal secretions from 79 pregnant women.
  • Participants presented with signs and symptoms of PTL and had a cervical length less than 30 mm.
  • Samples were collected immediately following transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS).

Main Results:

  • For predicting preterm birth within 7 days, the PAMG-1 test showed 100% sensitivity and 94% specificity.
  • The positive predictive value (PPV) was 77%, and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 100% for imminent PTL.
  • For predicting delivery before 34 weeks, sensitivity was 67% and specificity was 89%, with a PPV of 55% and NPV of 93%.

Conclusions:

  • The PAMG-1 test demonstrates high efficacy in identifying women at risk of imminent PTL within 7 days.
  • A high NPV of the PAMG-1 test can help prevent unnecessary hospital admissions and therapies.
  • The PAMG-1 test is effective even when collected immediately after transvaginal ultrasound in women with PTL symptoms.