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Hematologic Adverse Effects of Prolonged Piperacillin-Tazobactam Use in Adults

Aysun Benli1, Serap Şimşek-Yavuz2, Seniha Başaran2

  • 1Muş State Hospital, Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Muş, Turkey

Turkish Journal of Haematology : Official Journal of Turkish Society of Haematology
|June 2, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Piperacillin-tazobactam (TZP) can cause hematologic adverse effects like leukopenia and neutropenia. Risk factors include longer therapy duration and combination with other antibiotics, especially in younger patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Hematology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Piperacillin-tazobactam (TZP) is a widely used antibiotic.
  • Hematologic adverse effects are potential complications of antibiotic therapy.
  • Understanding the incidence and risk factors of these effects is crucial for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of hematologic adverse effects associated with piperacillin-tazobactam (TZP) therapy.
  • To identify independent risk factors contributing to these adverse effects.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of adult patients receiving TZP for over 10 days.
  • Analysis of 110 TZP therapy episodes.
  • Statistical identification of risk factors for leukopenia, neutropenia, and eosinophilia.

Main Results:

  • Incidence rates: leukopenia (16.3%), neutropenia (10%), eosinophilia (10%).
  • Independent risk factors for leukopenia: lower Charlson Comorbidity Index, lower initial leukocyte count, combination therapy, longer TZP duration.
  • Independent risk factors for neutropenia: higher initial eosinophil count (IHEC), TZP >20 days.
  • Independent risk factors for eosinophilia: IHEC, longer TZP duration.

Conclusions:

  • Longer TZP duration, combination therapy, younger age, fewer comorbidities, and IHEC are associated with hematologic adverse effects.
  • Immunological mechanisms, potentially linked to allergic reactions in patients with IHEC, may underlie these effects.
Keywords:
NeutropeniaLeukopeniaEosinophiliaPiperacillin-tazobactamAdverse effects

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